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James Chesnut, Jr.
James Chesnut, Jr. (January 18, 1815 – February 1, 1885) was a signatory of the Constitution of the Confederate States of America, and a Confederate States Army general.
Chestnut, a lawyer prominent in South Carolina state politics, served as a Democratic senator in 1858-60, where he proved moderate on the slavery question. But on Lincoln’s election in 1860, Chesnut resigned from the U.S. Senate and took part in the South Carolina secession convention, later helping to draft the Confederate Constitution. As aide to General P.G.T. Beauregard, he ordered the firing on Fort Sumter and served at First Manassas. Later he was aide to Jefferson Davis and promoted to Brigadier-General. Chesnut returned to law practice after the war.
His wife was Mary Boykin Chesnut, whose published diaries reflect the Chestnuts' busy social life and prominent friends such as John Bell Hood, Louis T. Wigfall, Wade Hampton III, and Jefferson Davis.
==Early life and education ==
Chesnut was born the youngest of fourteen children and the only (surviving) son of James Chesnut, Sr. (1775–1866) and his wife, Mary Cox (1777–1864)〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://scmemory.org/collection/papers-of-the-cox-and-chesnut-families-1792-1858/ )〕 on Mulberry Plantation near Camden, South Carolina. Chesnut, Sr. was one of the wealthiest planters in the South, who owned 448 slaves and many large plantations totaling nearly five square miles before the outbreak of the Civil War. Chesnut Jr. graduated from the law department of the College of New Jersey (now Princeton University) in 1835, and initially rose to prominence in South Carolina state politics.
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